Контрольная «англ. яз.»,
теория и практика перевода, английский в Казани

Вариант 2 Теория закономерных соответствий при переводе. Дать определения следующих понятий: эквивалентные соответствия, вариантные соответствия. Способы выявления в тексте эквивалентов и вариантных соответствий. Практическое задание: 1. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на перевод лексемы “affect”. Какие вариантные соответствия можно предложить в каждом случае? 1. The product has been proved to affect the overall yield. 2) X was affected by Y. 3) In ethers and similar solvents the frequency was unaffected. 4) The results were affected by the presence of impurities. 5) The insulation was affected by water vapours. 6) A is unaffected (is not affected) by В. 7) These factors are unaffected by temperature changes. 8) The rates and molecular weights are affected by lowering the temperature. 9) Very low and very high gas rates both adversely affect the efficiency of separation. 10) The quantity of blood group substance is too minute to affect the test. 2. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на перевод лексемы “affect”. Какие вариантные соответствия можно предложить в каждом случае? 1) The paper presents a new procedure to prepare these compounds. 2) Besides being very involved this procedure is very costly. 3) This procedure is finding increasing use. 4) This procedure is applicable whether or not the product is pure. 5) The main advantage of this procedure lies in its simplicity. 6) This procedure proved to be greatly improved over the previous one. 7) The new procedure is twice as effective as the old one. 8) A different procedure was discovered by Gabriel. 9) Our efforts are directed towards refining conventional procedures. 10) This procedure was dropped having given low yields of end products. 11) The latter procedure divides the nitrogen into amino and non-amino nitrogen. 12) One of the procedures described in Part I has been followed here. 3. Переведите текст на русский язык. Выделите в тексте термины, определите способы их перевода. Nano’s Big Future Carbon nanotubes are exceedingly small - 10,000 times thinner than a human hair - but they have massive potential. “Carbon nanotubes are carbon atoms that are arranged in a particular way, and which give this new material very particular properties, such as the capacity to conduct electricity, or mechanical strengthening in composites,” explains Francis Massin, the managing director of Nanocyl. Mix them into polymers, resins or water and off you go. Nanocyl’s technical director Michael Claes went into more detail: “We blend this carbon nanotube powder with plastic to form these granules. “Then by spinning it out we turn it into textiles. These jackets work as sensors, so for example for temperature, or as a gas sensors. Also for the mechanical strength, a bike wheel. We can make fuel pumps out of it. “Another application, a lot larger, is this barrel, which replaces metal barrels, it’s a plastic barrel which can conduct electricity.” Nanocyl has been a partner in several European Union initiatives to develop nanotechnology. They are now starting to commercialise one research project result – a fabric that conducts electricity - that would be integrated into buildings in earthquake-prone areas. “If I show you this demonstrator, here we have a textile in which you can see these black fibres which are filled with carbon nanotubes,” Claes continued. Nanotechnology is shaking up the world of manufacturing, but that does not mean it is easy to break into new markets. “The biggest challenge is that industry in general is very conservative, and so moving from the semi-industrial lab level to the industrial level takes a lot of time and a lot of investment,” said Francis Massin. “You’re looking at an investment in the order of 20 to 50 million euros to really take a new material from laboratory stage to industrial level.”